Contents
April 2019
Vol 4, Issue 34
Vol 4, Issue 34
Research Articles
- TET enzymes augment activation-induced deaminase (AID) expression via 5-hydroxymethylcytosine modifications at the Aicda superenhancer
TET enzymes promote B cell responses by augmenting Aicda expression via DNA modification at cis elements in the Aicda locus.
- A specific gene-microbe interaction drives the development of Crohn’s disease–like colitis in mice
Combined deficiency of NOD2 and NAPDH oxidase triggers Crohn’s-like disease driven by a mouse pathobiont, Mucispirillum.
- Prolonged evolution of the memory B cell response induced by a replicating adenovirus-influenza H5 vaccine
Ad4-H5 vaccine induces prolonged increases in H5-specific B cell frequency, antibody affinity, and somatic hypermutation.
- AIRE expression controls the peripheral selection of autoreactive B cells
T cells and their proper AIRE-dependent selection prevent the accumulation of autoreactive naïve B cells in the periphery.
- Modulation of asymmetric cell division as a mechanism to boost CD8+ T cell memory
CD8+ T cell memory potential can be improved by enforcement of asymmetric cell division.
- How C-terminal additions to insulin B-chain fragments create superagonists for T cells in mouse and human type 1 diabetes
In type 1 diabetes, mouse and human CD4+ T cells recognize mutated and chimeric superagonist insulin B-chain epitopes similarly.
Review
- Location, location, location: Tissue resident memory T cells in mice and humans
This review summarizes key studies that have shaped our understanding of tissue resident memory T cells in mice and humans.
Editors' Choice
- Slamming the brakes on lupus with CAR T cells
Sustained depletion of B cells with CAR T cells induces disease remission in lupus-prone mice.
- Luring T cells into a gray area
T cells that target β-synuclein induce damage to the gray matter of the brain in multiple sclerosis and contribute to neurodegeneration.
About The Cover
ONLINE COVER Superagonist Autoantigen. Featured on the cover is a computer-generated illustration of a 3D protein structure showing the α and β chains of a human T cell receptor (TCR) recognizing a high-affinity ligand formed by binding of a modified insulin B-chain peptide to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen HLA-DQ8. Wang et al. used x-ray crystallography to study human and mouse TCR recognition of variant forms of an insulin B-chain peptide. C-terminal modifications of this peptide yield peptide-MHC complexes that are potent ligands for autoreactive diabetogenic T cells. These studies provide fresh insights into the structural features of the peptide ligands that spark early steps in human type 1 diabetes. [CREDIT: JOHN KAPPLER]