Contents
June 2020
Vol 5, Issue 48
Vol 5, Issue 48
Focus
- A singular role for interleukin-9 in the development of asthma
Interleukin-9 expression by T helper cells marks allergic individuals who develop asthma (see the related Research Article by Seumois et al.).
Research Articles
- Phenotype and kinetics of SARS-CoV-2–specific T cells in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome
Peptide pool stimulation enables longitudinal analysis of SARS-CoV-2–specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients.
- The receptor-binding domain of the viral spike protein is an immunodominant and highly specific target of antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 patients
The serum level of RBD-binding antibodies correlates with SARS-CoV-2 neutralization and can be used for population-level surveillance.
- Glycolipid-peptide vaccination induces liver-resident memory CD8+ T cells that protect against rodent malaria
Glycolipid-peptide conjugate vaccines protect against rodent malaria by generating large numbers of liver CD8+ TRM cells.
- 3M-052, a synthetic TLR-7/8 agonist, induces durable HIV-1 envelope–specific plasma cells and humoral immunity in nonhuman primates
Our study describes robust and durable induction of HIV-1–specific antibody as well as germinal center and plasma cellular responses in rhesus macaques.
- Rate of replenishment and microenvironment contribute to the sexually dimorphic phenotype and function of peritoneal macrophages
Peritoneal macrophages exhibit sexually dimorphic transcriptional profiles, functional capacity, and replenishment kinetics.
- Inhibition of Bruton tyrosine kinase in patients with severe COVID-19
Acalabrutinib targets activated BTK in macrophages and was associated with reduced inflammation and clinical improvement in COVID-19.
- Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of allergen-specific T cells in allergy and asthma
Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of allergen-specific T cells in allergy and asthma reveals new T cell subsets.
- Ahr-Foxp3-RORγt axis controls gut homing of CD4+ T cells by regulating GPR15
GPR15 expression is promoted by Ahr in an evolutionarily conserved manner via cooperation with Foxp3 but inhibited by RORγt.
- T cell engagement of cross-presenting microglia protects the brain from a nasal virus infection
Microglia protect the brain from an intranasal VSV infection by cross-presenting neuronal antigen to antiviral CD8+ T cells.
- Oral epithelial IL-22/STAT3 signaling licenses IL-17–mediated immunity to oral mucosal candidiasis
IL-22 signaling limits oral candidiasis via proliferation of basal epithelial cells and replenishment of an IL-17–responsive layer.
Editors' Choice
- B cells: Your besT-bet against the flu
T-bet+ memory B cells are a distinct subset that home to the spleen and produce neutralizing antibodies against influenza.
- Sweet and low—autoantibodies deny oligodendrocytes their sugar fix
Pathogenic autoantibodies causing encephalopathy modify the expression of the glucose transporter in oligodendrocytes.
About The Cover
ONLINE COVER Lighting Up a Viral On-Ramp. This month's cover shows a coronal section through a virally infected mouse nasal mucosa and olfactory bulbs. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV, green) can be observed in olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs, red) that line olfactory turbinates in the nose one day after nasal infection. Viruses like VSV that enter the upper airway can sometimes infect OSNs and spread to the olfactory bulbs in the brain via projecting axon fibers. Moseman et al. used a Cre-recombinase expressing VSV and intravital imaging to show that once virus reaches the brain, microglia play an important role in antiviral defense by acquiring viral antigen from infected neurons and cross-presenting it to CD8+ T cells responsible for noncytolytic virus clearance from neurons. [CREDIT: A. MOSEMAN ET AL./SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY]
