Research ArticleCORONAVIRUS
Persistence of serum and saliva antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike antigens in COVID-19 patients
- View ORCID ProfileBaweleta Isho1,†,
- Kento T. Abe2,3,†,
- View ORCID ProfileMichelle Zuo1,†,
- View ORCID ProfileAlainna J. Jamal4,5,†,
- View ORCID ProfileBhavisha Rathod2,
- Jenny H. Wang2,
- View ORCID ProfileZhijie Li3,
- View ORCID ProfileGary Chao1,
- View ORCID ProfileOlga L. Rojas1,
- View ORCID ProfileYeo Myong Bang1,
- View ORCID ProfileAnnie Pu1,
- Natasha Christie-Holmes6,
- Christian Gervais7,
- View ORCID ProfileDerek Ceccarelli2,
- Payman Samavarchi-Tehrani2,
- Furkan Guvenc3,
- Patrick Budylowski6,8,
- Angel Li5,
- Aimee Paterson, Resources5,
- View ORCID ProfileFeng Yun Yue1,
- View ORCID ProfileLina M. Marin9,
- View ORCID ProfileLauren Caldwell2,
- View ORCID ProfileJeffrey L. Wrana2,3,
- View ORCID ProfileKaren Colwill2,
- View ORCID ProfileFrank Sicheri2,3,
- View ORCID ProfileSamira Mubareka10,
- View ORCID ProfileScott D. Gray-Owen3,6,
- View ORCID ProfileSteven J. Drews11,
- Walter L. Siqueira9,
- Miriam Barrios-Rodiles2,
- View ORCID ProfileMario Ostrowski1,12,13,
- View ORCID ProfileJames M. Rini3,14,
- View ORCID ProfileYves Durocher7,
- Allison J. McGeer2,4,5,
- View ORCID ProfileJennifer L. Gommerman1,* and
- View ORCID ProfileAnne-Claude Gingras2,3,*
- 1Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- 2Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- 3Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- 4Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- 5Department of Microbiology, at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- 6Combined Containment Level 3 Unit, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- 7Mammalian Cell Expression, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- 8Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- 9College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
- 10Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Division of Microbiology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre; Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute; and Division of Infectious Diseases, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- 11Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, AB & Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- 12St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute.
- 13Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- 14Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- ↵*Correspondence to: jen.gommerman{at}utoronto.ca; gingras{at}lunenfeld.ca
↵† These authors contributed equally
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Science Immunology 08 Oct 2020:
Vol. 5, Issue 52, eabe5511
DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abe5511
Vol. 5, Issue 52, eabe5511
DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abe5511
Baweleta Isho
1Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Kento T. Abe
2Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
3Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Michelle Zuo
1Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Alainna J. Jamal
4Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
5Department of Microbiology, at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Bhavisha Rathod
2Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Jenny H. Wang
2Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Zhijie Li
3Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Gary Chao
1Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Olga L. Rojas
1Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Yeo Myong Bang
1Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Annie Pu
1Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Natasha Christie-Holmes
6Combined Containment Level 3 Unit, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Christian Gervais
7Mammalian Cell Expression, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Derek Ceccarelli
2Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Payman Samavarchi-Tehrani
2Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Furkan Guvenc
3Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Patrick Budylowski
6Combined Containment Level 3 Unit, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
8Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Angel Li
5Department of Microbiology, at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Aimee Paterson
5Department of Microbiology, at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Feng Yun Yue
1Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Lina M. Marin
9College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Lauren Caldwell
2Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Jeffrey L. Wrana
2Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
3Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Karen Colwill
2Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Frank Sicheri
2Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
3Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Samira Mubareka
10Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Division of Microbiology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre; Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute; and Division of Infectious Diseases, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Scott D. Gray-Owen
3Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
6Combined Containment Level 3 Unit, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Steven J. Drews
11Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, AB & Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Walter L. Siqueira
9College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Miriam Barrios-Rodiles
2Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Mario Ostrowski
1Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
12St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute.
13Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
James M. Rini
3Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
14Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Yves Durocher
7Mammalian Cell Expression, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Allison J. McGeer
2Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
4Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
5Department of Microbiology, at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Jennifer L. Gommerman
1Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Anne-Claude Gingras
2Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
3Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
