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Differentiation distinctions
Murine innate lymphoid cell (ILC) differentiation has been studied in detail, but human ILC development is less well understood because of differences in surface markers between species. Tufa et al. show that human common innate lymphoid progenitors (CILPs), characterized as CD34+CD117+α4β7+Lin−, express CD48 and CD52 and can give rise to NK cell progenitors (NKPs) and ILC progenitors. CD34+CD117+α4β7+Lin−CD48−CD52+ and CD34+CD117+α4β7+Lin−CD48+CD52+ NKP differentiated into two different NK cell subsets under in vitro differentiation conditions. ILCPs within the CD34+CD117+α4β7+Lin−CD48+CD52+ subset could differentiate into ILC1s, ILC2s, and NCR+ ILC3s, but CD34+CD117+α4β7+Lin−CD48+CD52− ILCPs gave rise to a different ILC3 subset with lymphoid tissue inducer–like properties. Ligation of the 2B4 receptor by CD48 was needed for ILC2 development, and these results define a role for CD48 in human ILC differentiation.
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