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Regulatory IgA response
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with production of oligoclonal IgG antibodies within the central nervous system (CNS), but less is known about the status of IgA-producing cells. Pröbstel et al. detected clonally expanded IgA+ cells in cerebrospinal fluid and tissue adjacent to areas of active MS-associated demyelination. Recombinant IgA antibodies assembled from the cloned antibody genes bound to surface antigens found on multiple bacterial phyla but did not cross-react with brain tissue. Recruitment of gut-associated IgA+ B cells and plasma cells to the CNS is a potential biomarker of disease activity in MS. The arrival of these cells in the CNS may reflect recruitment of a homeostatic set of regulatory cells from the gut that have the capacity to dampen excessive inflammation.
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