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Making human T cells see HIV-1
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)–based vaccines protect rhesus macaques from simian immunodeficiency virus infection by inducing atypical CD8+ T cell responses restricted to the rhesus HLA-E homolog. However, it is unclear whether these atypical CD8+ T cell responses might translate to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) when using a vaccine based on a human CMV vector. Here, Yang et al. showed that HIV-1 Gag-specific, HLA-E–restricted CD8+ T cell clones could be generated in vitro from naïve T cells taken from HIV-1 uninfected people. These CD8+ T cell clones were able to suppress HIV-1–infected CD4+ target cells. These data indicate that HIV-1–specific, HLA-E–restricted CD8+ T cell clones can be generated in humans and that a human CMV vector–based vaccine for HIV may generate protective CD8+ T cell responses.
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